Introduction
Giving gifts is a big part of life in Japan, helping to show thanks and strengthen both personal and professional relationships. This blog post will explore the customs and traditions of Japanese gift-giving, detailing when and what kinds of gifts are typically exchanged.
Seasonal Gift-Giving: Mid-Year and Year-End Gifts
In Japan, there are special times reserved for giving gifts. In the middle of the year, around July and August, people send gifts called お中元 (Ochugen) to express their gratitude for help received. At the year’s end, in December, お歳暮 (Oseibo) gifts are sent to wrap up the year on a note of thanks. These gifts often include food or household items, generally priced between 4,000 to 5,000 yen, and are widely available in Japanese department stores.
Origins of Ochugen and Oseibo
The customs of Ochugen and Oseibo are deeply rooted in ancient Chinese practices linked to Taoism, which recognized special dates to honor celestial leaders responsible for human affairs. Over time, these practices were adapted to fit Japanese traditions:
- Heavenly Leader: Associated with blessings and fortune, celebrated on the 15th day of the first month.
- Earthly Leader: Linked to morality and forgiveness, honored on the 15th day of the seventh month.
- Water Leader: Connected with purification and protection, observed on the 15th day of the tenth month.
On these specific days, it was customary to offer gifts to honor and seek the favor of these celestial leaders. This tradition of presenting gifts on key dates was eventually integrated into Japanese customs. For instance, during Obon—a festival for honoring ancestral spirits—the practices associated with the Earthly Leader contributed to the creation of Ochugen. Similarly, the custom of offering gifts to spirits at the New Year, related to the Heavenly Leade, evolved into Oseibo.
Souvenirs: Small Gifts From Travel
When Japanese people travel, they often buy お土産 (Omiyage), meaning souvenirs, for their friends, family, and coworkers. These are typically local snacks or other small items that share a taste of their journey.
Visiting Gifts: What to Bring
Bringing a small gift, or 手土産 (Temiyage), such as sweets or fruit, when visiting someone’s home is a common and appreciated gesture in Japan. This shows respect and appreciation for the host’s hospitality.
Conclusion
Gift-giving in Japan goes beyond the mere exchange of items; it’s a vital part of maintaining and enhancing relationships. From seasonal gifts to travel souvenirs and tokens of appreciation for hospitality, each gift carries significant meaning. Understanding these customs can help you participate respectfully and thoughtfully in Japanese cultural practices, whether you’re visiting the country or interacting with Japanese friends and colleagues.
Reference: Shaddy Co., Ltd. (n.d.). Oseibo no yurai wa Chūgoku kara [The origins of Oseibo are from China]. Retrieved from https://shaddy.jp/seibo/manner/history/
Interested in participating in the beautiful tradition of gift-giving in Japan? Here is a sample Ochugen and Oseibo gift for your reference. If you’re unsure what to send during these special seasons, why not try this one?
